Bali isn’t just a paradise of stunning beaches and lush rice terraces; it’s also a land rich in culture and spirituality, deeply intertwined with its religion, traditions, and daily life. At the core of Balinese culture are its directional temples, known as “Sad Kahyangan,” which each hold a significant role in balancing the spiritual and physical realms of the island. These temples are not just places of worship; they represent the connection between the Balinese people and their gods, ancestors, and the natural world.
The directional temples serve as important spiritual landmarks that guide the community’s rituals and celebrations, helping to maintain harmony in their lives and the environment. They act as a protective force, ensuring the community and the island remain in sync with the gods.
A range of towering volcanic mountains divides the island into northern and southern portions. For the Balinese, these mountains are the homes of the gods. The range includes four primary sacred mountains: Agung, Batur, Batukao and Abang. Of these, Gunung Agung, Bali’s highest mountain at 3142 meters (10,308 feet), is the most sacred to the island’s Hindus, while Gunung Batur is considered the most holy by the people living around Lake Batur. Grab your sarong, you’ll need it to enter these temples and explore this vibrant spiritual landscape!
1. Pura Besakih: The Mother Temple
Pura Besakih is often referred to as the Mother Temple of Bali. Nestled on the southwestern slope of Mount Agung, this temple is the largest and holiest in Bali. Pura Besakih is a complex of over 80 individual temples, with the main ones dedicated to the Hindu trinity of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva.
When you arrive, you can feel the energy in the air as worshippers come to pray and make offerings. If you’re lucky enough to visit during a temple festival, prepare for an unforgettable experience filled with traditional dance, music, and ceremonies! The stunning views of the surrounding mountains are just the cherry on top.
A word of warning, there are a lot of steps involved to reach the top however along the way smaller temples are a fascinating reason to rest and enjoy the view. It isn’t the prettiest Bali temple but it is the most important on the island for the Balinese.
2. Pura Lempuyang Luhur: The Temple of Heaven
One of the most iconic images of Bali is Pura Lempuyang Luhur, also known as the Temple of Heaven. This temple is famous for its breathtaking views, especially the picture-perfect shot through the gates overlooking Mount Agung.
But be prepared for a bit of a hike, as it’s located at a high altitude and requires climbing over 1,700 steps. As you ascend, the scenery becomes more and more mesmerising. Once you reach the top, the view is incredible. This place is a favourite for both pilgrims and photographers, and it serves as a reminder of the balance between effort and reward in both spirituality and life.
Some clever Balinese have invented a great way to photograph the temple using reflectors. These are the images you see influencers posting on their Instagram, and you can too. Arrive early to beat the crowds.
3. Pura Gua Lawah: Cave Temple of Bats
Pura Gua Lawah, or the Bat Cave Temple, is an ancient temple built around a bat cave in the 11th century! As the name suggests, this temple is known for its resident bats that roost in the cave’s entrance. The Balinese believe that these bats are sacred members of the ecosystem, and they play a role in the spiritual dynamics of the temple.
Pura Gua Lawah is beautifully situated along the coast, making it a serene spot to visit. While you’re here, take a moment to enjoy the lush gardens and peaceful surroundings. The temple is dedicated to the god Vishnu, and it is a popular site for offerings and prayers, particularly during special ceremonies.
4. Pura Batukaru: The Hidden Gem
Tucked away in the lush rainforests of Tabanan, Pura Batukaru is often overlooked by tourists, which only adds to its charm. Dedicated to the god of agriculture, this temple sits at the foot of Mount Batukaru, Bali’s second-highest peak, and is surrounded by a serene ambiance that feels almost magical.
You’ll be captivated by the intricate carvings and unique architectural style of the temple, as well as by the surrounding jungles that create a sense of tranquility. It’s a perfect place to take a moment to reflect and connect with nature.
5. Pura Pusering Jagat: The Center of the Universe
Next on our temple tour is Pura Pusering Jagat, which means “the center of the universe.” This temple lies in the heart of Bali and is believed to be a significant spiritual hub. Its unique architecture features intricately carved gates and shrines, and it’s a site where many locals come to honour their ancestors.
This temple is estimated to have existed since the 10th century when Hinduism began to enter the island of Bali from Java. It is said to have been built by an ancient Balinese king
Pura Pusering Jagat is known for its serene ambiance, making it an ideal place to meditate and immerse yourself in Balinese spirituality. The temple is often less crowded, giving you a moment of peace and respite .
6. Pura Uluwatu: Cliffs and Culture
Last but certainly not least is Pura Uluwatu, one of Bali’s most famous sea temples. Perched on a cliff 70 meters above the Indian Ocean, this temple offers stunning sunset views that are out of this world. Dedicated to the spirits of the sea, Pura Uluwatu is not just a beautiful site but also a cultural hotspot, featuring the famous Kecak dance performances that tell ancient stories of Bali.
As you wander through the temple complex, keep an eye out for the cheeky monkeys that inhabit the area. They’re known for snatching up anything shiny! Book ahead if you plan to see the Kecak dance as it can get crowded but at any time you visit the breathtaking views make this an exceptional visit.
Other important Balinese temples to visit when touring Bali include Pura Ulun Danu Batur, the Temple of the Crater Lake, dedicated to the Lake Goddess Dewi Danu, and Tirta Empul, a popular place near Ubud which many visit for blessings and purification. This is open to non-Hindus as well. Tirta Empul is believed to hold the holiest waters of Bali, possessing magical curative powers.
Bali’s traditional life is seen on the streets every day as the locals make offerings at their local temples, outside their houses and places of business. From vibrant ceremonies to ancient temples, include some cultural activities in your holiday to truly appreciate the beauty of Bali.